Urine Density Test. Prices, Reviews, Ratings
Urine Density Test is a procedure necessary not only for kidney and urinary tract diseases but also for many other pathologies.
Urine Density Test is a procedure necessary not only for kidney and urinary tract diseases but also for many other pathologies.
General Information
Metabolic waste products are excreted from the body with urine. Its relative density (or specific gravity) indicates how well the kidneys can dilute or concentrate the excreted fluid. The higher the volume, the lower the specific gravity. Normally, this indicator ranges from 1002-1026. It can vary multiple times throughout the day and depends on age and food quality.
Relative urine density is reduced in the following conditions:
- Severe swelling;
- Insufficient body fluid;
- Repeated vomiting;
- Endocrine diseases;
- Glomerulonephritis.
Reduced in (hyposthenuria):
- Chronic kidney failure;
- Acute pyelonephritis;
- Excessive diuresis;
- Diabetes insipidus.
“Relative hyposthenuria is common in healthy children in their first year of life!”
Procedure Process
Preparation
Before collecting the sample, genital hygiene is necessary. The entire morning portion is collected in a clean, dry, disinfected container. Any material can be used, preferably with a wide neck and lid, but not from sweet products, as this may indicate sugar presence.
For bedridden patients, the perineal area is washed with a weak potassium permanganate solution and dried with a sterile swab. The container is positioned above the anal opening. This is crucial for an accurate diagnostic picture.
The container must be delivered to the lab within 1-2 hours, stored in a cool, dark place during this time. After two hours, the fluid’s properties change: bacteria multiply, enzymes and sediments break down, and pH shifts, leading to distorted results. In extreme cases, preservatives may be used.
“If your urine has been stored for over two hours, the test will show an inaccurate picture of your urinary system’s condition!”
Method for Determining Relative Urine Density
This indicator is measured using a urometer (hydrometer). It consists of a stem and an ampoule with graduations: 1.000–1.060. Urine (50-100 ml) is poured into a cylinder without foam. The urometer is then immersed in the liquid up to its upper part. After oscillations stop, the specific gravity is noted at the lower urine level on the cylinder’s scale.
Dilution with distilled water is allowed if the volume is insufficient, with this factored into the results.
The test must be conducted at +15°C. Temperature fluctuations require corresponding adjustments to the data. Some urometers are calibrated for different temperature ranges, which must be accounted for.
The hydrometer is always kept in water, changed daily. It is wiped dry before each use. Water salts must be removed, as they affect the readings.
Indications
This standard procedure is prescribed for nearly all somatic pathologies. It is indispensable for diseases of the digestive, urinary, and endocrine systems.
Contraindications
There are no contraindications except during menstruation in women, when testing should be avoided. Fluid is also collected from bedridden patients. For critically ill patients, catheterization is used for collection. The only limitation is the absence of diuresis.
Prices and Clinics
This simple diagnostic method is performed in outpatient clinics or hospitals as needed. The service cost is low. Learn more on the portal.
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