Sodium. Prices, Reviews, Ratings
One of the key elements involved in vital processes throughout the body is sodium (Na+). It not only ensures the uninterrupted functioning of the cardiovascular system but also affects overall muscle tone. In the human body, it maintains water-electrolyte balance. At the molecular level, it is present in the intercellular sp
One of the key elements involved in vital processes throughout the body is sodium (Na+). It not only ensures the uninterrupted functioning of the cardiovascular system but also affects overall muscle tone. In the human body, it maintains water-electrolyte balance. At the molecular level, it is present in the intercellular space and is responsible for cell activity.
General Information
Sodium is a component of table salt. An adult needs 10-15 grams of salt daily. Excess or deficiency can lead to serious disruptions in internal organ function. For those who prefer saltier food, the diet should include more fruits and fluids. During sports or heavy physical activity, slightly more salt than usual is recommended. People with diabetes, rheumatism, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, or liver and stomach conditions should consume low-salt foods.
Indications for Sodium Testing
The normal range for Na+ is 136-145 mmol/L. Testing is necessary in cases such as:
- Frequent vomiting or diarrhea;
- Suspected adrenal insufficiency;
- Chronic kidney diseases;
- Severe dehydration.
Na+ concentration depends not only on its intake and excretion through sweat glands and kidneys but also on regulatory metabolic processes controlled by the hormonal system. The activity of atrial natriuretic peptide and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is crucial, as organ function at the cellular level relies on them.
Hyponatremia develops due to:
- Strict salt-free diets with high physical exertion;
- Renal failure or nephrotic syndrome;
- Excessive sweating during physical activity;
- Prolonged illnesses with high fever;
- Significant fluid loss;
- Diuretic overdose;
- Excessive parenteral solution administration;
- Heart failure;
- Liver cirrhosis.
Hypernatremia occurs due to:
- Hypertonic dehydration;
- Dehydration;
- Urine retention;
- Excess corticosteroids;
- Excessive intravenous salt administration (solutions used to dilute medications) during hospitalization;
- Use of anabolic steroids, androgens, estrogens, oral contraceptives, or other drugs.
Excess salt also leads to unwanted edema. To remove excess water, reduce salt intake and start using diuretic foods or medications.
Many experts note that excessive salt consumption leads to hypertension and fluid retention, which significantly burdens the heart and kidneys.
To lower blood pressure in hypertension and treat cardiovascular and urinary system disorders, a low-salt diet is typically prescribed, completely excluding table salt from the diet.
How Sodium Testing Is Conducted
In cases of detected cardiovascular diseases, kidney pathologies, or other listed complications, laboratory diagnostics are ordered.
Two main methods exist:
- Analysis of sodium content in hair;
- Urine analysis.
No special preparation is required. Hair analysis is most common, and the hair must not be dyed.
Turnaround Time for Sodium Testing
Results can be obtained the next day.
Prices and Clinics
You can choose the best diagnostic center using the medical portal.
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