Nephrolithotomy. Prices, reviews, ratings
General information
The essence of such a procedure as nephrolithotomy is the simple removal of a stone from the kidney through an opening made in the patient's side. Before removal, the stone must be crushed. The operation is performed using a special device called a nephroscope. A lithotripter is used to crush stones.
Most often, nephrolithotomy is a forced measure and is prescribed by a urologist when other, more gentle methods of removing stones are unsuccessful.
If the kidney stone is small, it is better to use other methods of removal.
Procedure
Preparation
Before the operation, the patient must undergo diagnostics. In order to determine the shape, size and location of the stone, the doctor may prescribe an X-ray, ultrasound or CT scan. It is also necessary to conduct a series of tests (blood and urine tests, analysis to study the physical and chemical composition of the stone).
Nephrolithotomy procedure
The operation is performed as follows:
- The patient is given anesthesia.
- After the anesthesia begins to work, the urologist makes a small hole in the patient's lumbar region, approximately 1 cm, using a special instrument.
- During the entire operation, X-rays are used, thanks to which it is possible to monitor the process.
- A thin tube is inserted through the urethra to the kidney. Through it, a contrast agent is introduced into the organ, allowing better control over what is happening during nephrolithotomy.
- A plastic tube is inserted into the hole in the side, through which the urologist can crush the stones, as well as remove them. This is done with the help of a nephroscope, through which a special device is passed to the stone for crushing and removing fragments from the stones, which are destroyed.
The process of crushing kidney stones should be carried out as carefully as possible so as not to damage the vessels of the kidney. During stone crushing, the urologist's qualifications are of paramount importance.
- The doctor removes all the tubes from the patient's side and inserts one plastic tube (nephrostomy) in their place, which is necessary for the temporary removal of blood, ichor and urine from the kidney.
Rehabilitation period
The nephrostomy can remain in the patient's side for about 5 days after the operation. And it is removed after the urologist checks the patient's indications. After its removal, the patient is given a control X-ray, which helps to make sure that there are no stones left in the kidneys and that urine moves through the urinary system without obstruction.
Indications
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is prescribed in the following patient conditions:
- the size of the kidney stones exceeds 2 cm;
- staghorn stones are located deep in the renal cups (due to large processes, removal of stones through an incision in the pelvis is impossible).
Contraindications
Nephrolithotomy has the following contraindications:
- exacerbation of chronic diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract;
- inflammation of the kidneys and urinary tract;
- chronic diseases of internal organs, due to which it is impossible to put the patient under anesthesia.
Complications
According to statistics, nephrolithotomy is performed successfully in almost 80-100% of cases. The success of the operation largely depends on the qualifications of the doctor, the location of the stone, its size and origin. But in rare cases, the following complications are possible:
- suppuration of the postoperative wound;
- bleeding;
- perforation of the renal pelvis.
Prices and clinics
To be sure of the success of nephrolithotomy, it is best to contact a specialized nephrology clinic or department. To find a suitable clinic, you can use the medical portal .
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