Vaccination against tuberculosis. Prices, reviews, ratings
Vaccination against tuberculosis
The second name of the vaccination is BCG. In essence, these are weakened strains of bacteria that do not cause the disease itself, but promote the production of antibodies that block such an illness. There are no differences between vaccines produced abroad and in Russia. Half-dead bacteria are used all over the world, but BCG-M has much fewer antibodies. These vaccines are intended for premature babies or babies with weakened immunity.
This vaccination is one of the first in the vaccination schedule for children. It is given on the 4th day after birth, while the baby is still in the maternity hospital. There are a number of reasons why vaccination is a must:
- In many countries that emerged after the collapse of the USSR, tuberculosis incidence is more of an epidemic nature.
- More than a third of the world's people are infected with this infection.
- According to statistics, more than 60% of the population in Russia is infected, and the data is based only on recorded facts.
- The disease affects everyone, regardless of race, gender or age.
- Tuberculosis bacteria are simply transmitted through the air, in everyday life.
Different groups of drugs are used for treatment, but organisms quickly develop a tolerance to each of them.
Treatment can last up to 3 months, but in some cases the disease returns again.
Tuberculosis vaccination: is it done to everyone?
Since the first vaccination of a newborn takes place in the maternity hospital, the baby is first examined by a doctor to check his general health. If the child had a high body temperature or there were a number of other objective reasons that did not allow vaccination in a medical institution on the 4th day, the procedure is performed by a pediatrician during the first six months of life. It can be carried out only after the Mantoux test and a careful assessment of the baby's condition.
Vaccination against tuberculosis is carried out as follows:
- The vaccine is administered into the left forearm.
- The site of the future injection is treated with an antiseptic solution (alcohol).
- The doctor makes an injection (0.1 ml intramuscularly) with a tiny tuberculin syringe.
The child's body receives protection approximately 1.5 months after vaccination. Competent doctors will never allow complications after vaccination, fully observing the injection technique. Immediately after the injection, a white spot appears on the skin, which disappears after a few minutes.
Vaccination of children against tuberculosis
After vaccination, doctors do not recommend getting the vaccination site wet for 3 days. For 2-3 months, a small lump will form at the injection site. This formation cannot be removed or the skin removed. Normally, its size should not exceed 10 mm in diameter. After some time, the skin peels off, and a small scar remains in this place. This indicates that the vaccination was carried out according to all the rules and the body has received immunity against tuberculosis.
During the formation of immunity in the baby, parents should protect him from strangers and any sources of possible infection.
The main indication for vaccination against tuberculosis is to reduce the risk of serious types of this disease. In maternity hospitals, this manipulation is practiced because a child in infancy has practically no immunity of its own, using what it got from its mother. Its weak immune system is simply not able to fight any source of infection.
In Russia, it should be noted, tuberculosis is very common. The risk of infection of a baby is too great to neglect this danger. The disease, transmitted by airborne droplets, can affect a child at any time.
Revaccination against tuberculosis is carried out at the age of 7 to 14 years. This vaccine can only be given to those children who have shown a negative reaction to the Mantoux test. The introduction of the vaccine is not a panacea for possible infection. However, it protects the child from latent infection by 100%.
Contraindications to vaccination against tuberculosis include:
- the baby's weight is less than 2.5 kilograms;
- the presence of intrauterine infections;
- with a positive reaction to the Mantoux test;
- during or after radiation therapy;
- lesions of the central or peripheral nervous system;
- hemolytic diseases;
- the presence of generalized rashes on the skin;
- the presence of complications after the first vaccination;
- the presence of malignant neoplasms.
Complications after vaccination include:
- the formation of large ulcer or scar tissue more than 10 mm in diameter;
- formation of a subcutaneous abscess;
- enlargement of the lymph nodes;
- slight increase in overall body temperature.
Serious complications, which are extremely rare, include osteitis, fatal infection, and post-BCG syndrome.
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