Determination of antibodies to glutamate decarboxylase (GAD). Prices, reviews, ratings
General information
Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) is one of the enzymes required for the synthesis of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the nervous system. The enzyme is present only in neurons and beta cells of the pancreas.
The presence of these antibodies indicates an autoimmune process. Destruction of beta cells of the pancreas occurs. In laboratory diagnostics, anti-GAD are considered as specific markers of autoimmune damage to the pancreas and are used for differential diagnostics of diabetes mellitus variants. The level of antibodies reaches a maximum at the beginning of the disease, gradually falling during the first half of the year.
Procedure
Preparation
Special dietary restrictions are not needed. Blood is donated on an empty stomach. It is advisable to refrain from smoking before the procedure.
Procedure for determining antibodies to glutamate decarboxylase (GAD)
After venipuncture, the biomaterial is collected in an empty test tube or in a container with a separating gel. The area of blood collection is pressed with a cotton pad until the bleeding stops. If the patient has very sensitive skin, it is recommended to apply warming compresses to the area.
It is extremely important to diagnose the type of diabetes as accurately as possible in order to select the most appropriate treatment for the patient.
Indications
Main indications:
- examination of women suffering from gestational diabetes in order to assess the risk of disease progression;
- determination of the type of pathology, prescription of insulin therapy for children;
- examination of relatives wishing to become donors.
Decoding the analysis
Antibodies to glutamate decarboxylase norm: less than five U/ml.
Increased values may indicate o:
- development of an autoimmune attack of the islet apparatus of the pancreas with the possible development of type 1 diabetes;
- type 1 diabetes;
- rheumatoid diseases;
- muscle stiffness syndrome.
A decrease in the values of the indicators in the case of dynamic observation may indicate Huntington's disease.
Prices and clinics
A referral for this study can be given by an endocrinologist, general practitioner, ophthalmologist, anesthesiologist-resuscitator, nephrologist. The analysis is carried out in laboratories, the list of which can be found on the medical portal .
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