What are the types of dental diseases?

Alveolitis is an inflammatory disease that affects the tooth socket. It occurs when the jaw tissue is injured during unqualified dental intervention and after injuries. Often the pathological process appears after tooth extraction.

Ankylosis of the TMJ (ATMJ) is a pathology of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), manifested by its stiffness or immobility, caused by the fusion of the surfaces of the articular articulation.

Dental anomalies (DA) are disorders in the dentoalveolar system, manifested by pathological deviations of the teeth (DT) from normal anatomical and physiological parameters.

Arthritis of the TMJ (ATMJ) is an inflammatory process affecting various tissue structures of the temporomandibular joint.

Arthrosis of the TMJ (ATMJ) is a degenerative disease of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), which proceeds for a long time without clinical manifestations.

Aphthous stomatitis is an inflammatory disease of the oral cavity, characterized by the formation of specific lesions on the surface of the mucous membranes.

Bruxism is a night or day grinding or tapping of the teeth. It may be accompanied by swallowing saliva.

Bottle caries (BC) is a pathology that manifests itself as multiple lesions of the smooth surface of the teeth (ZB) in children under 3 years of age.

Tooth dislocation is damage to the ligamentous apparatus and displacement of the tooth position. The traumatic force acts in the vertical and lateral directions. Under the influence of a traumatic factor, the dentition of the upper jaw most often shifts and becomes mobile.

Dislocation of the lower jaw (TMJ) is a pathological condition caused by the exit of the articular head from the fossa of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).

Halitosis is a disease of the oral cavity, in which a bad odor appears due to a person inhaling air in which the concentration of volatile sulfur compounds (hydrogen sulfide) is significantly exceeded.

Pterygopalatine ganglionitis (PGG) is an inflammation of the autonomic pterygopalatine ganglion, which manifests itself in attacks of pain in the maxillary localization, radiating to other parts of the human body.

Gangrenous pulpitis (GP) is a chronic inflammation of the tissues and structures filling the pulp chamber of the crown and root canal (RC) of the tooth with a predominance of ulcerative-necrotic changes in them.

Generalized periodontitis (GP) is an inflammatory-dystrophic process localized in the tissues surrounding the tooth (ZB), resulting from the combined influence of endogenous and exogenous factors.

Herpetic stomatitis is a disease characterized by the appearance of painful ulcers on the oral mucosa as a result of activation of the herpes simplex virus.

Gingivitis is a common dental disease characterized by inflammation of the mucous membrane of the gums. It is especially often diagnosed in adolescents and pregnant women. Without timely treatment, periodontosis develops, leading to loosening and loss of teeth.

Dental hyperesthesia (DH) is a pathological condition manifested by an increased pain reaction of the teeth (PP) to the effects of mechanical, temperature and chemical stimuli.

Hypertrophic gingivitis is an inflammation of the gums, in which the affected areas grow. In this case, specific growths can form.

Enamel hypoplasia is a common congenital pathological condition characterized by insufficient development of tooth enamel. It occurs on both baby and permanent teeth. A complete absence of the surface layer is possible - aplasia.

Glossalgia is a fairly broad term that refers to the occurrence of pain in the tongue for no apparent reason. A huge number of pathological processes can become the source of this disease.

Glossitis is an inflammation of the tongue caused by tissue injury, infection, and the activity of pathogenic microorganisms. The disease is also considered as a concomitant occurrence of various dental and general pathologies.

Deep caries is the last severe stage of the carious process, characterized by destructive damage to hard dental tissues. Affects the enamel and partially the dentin layer (the layer between the carious cavity and the pulp).

Purulent periostitis (GP) is a purulent inflammation of the jaw periosteum, in which the area of u200bu200bthe infectious and inflammatory focus is limited to the periodontium of the affected tooth (ZB).

Granulating periodontitis is a degenerative lesion of the fibrous tissue (periodontium) of the tooth, characterized by the formation of fistulas and chronic course. As a result of deformation of the periodontium, granulation tissue grows on the apices of the roots as a reaction to infection. This leads to rapid destruction of the dental structure.

Desquamative glossitis, or "geographic tongue", is a pronounced dystrophic lesion of the lingual mucosa of an inflammatory nature. The organ is covered with smooth red scaly lesions with a white border that react to physical and chemical irritants. They change shape and migrate. The epithelium flakes and peels off (desquamation). Children suffer the most. Of adults – women.

Defects of dental arches – pathologies in the structure of the dental arch, which are manifested in the absence of one or more teeth, abnormal placement of teeth and bite.

Diastema is a gap between the central incisors (“units”) in an intact dental arch. It is formed together with a large frenulum of the upper lip.

Distal bite is characterized by an abnormal positioning of the jaws, which occurs due to the displacement (forward) of the upper row of teeth relative to the lower.

Dystopia is a deviation associated with an unusual arrangement of cells, organs or tissue areas. The most well-known pathology encountered in dentistry and manifested in the form of an unusually located, unerupted or growing in an unusual place tooth.

TMJ Dysfunction is a violation of the correct functioning of the joint responsible for full speech activity and jaw movement. This pathology is associated with changes in occlusion, abnormal muscle function and severe pain.

Benign tumors of the oral cavity are rather slowly developing formations, for which the process of metastasis is not characteristic.

Benign tumors of the tongue are neoplasms that occur on various parts of the surface of this organ.

Dental granuloma is a small formation that has rounded shape and arising as a result of inflammatory processes occurring in the periodontium.

Dental plaque is the accumulation of a certain amount of microscopic food debris and other substances on the surface of tooth enamel or gum pockets.

Salivary gland stones are foreign bodies that form on the bottom of the oral cavity and clog the salivary ducts, preventing the secretion of secretions. Their generation is associated with noticeable discomfort and unpleasant sensations. The formed substances have a calcified nature and are most often found in people suffering from diabetes.

Oral candidiasis is a disease caused by Candida bacteria. They live in the body of any person, spread to the mucous membranes, including the oral cavity, and most often do not cause painful sensations. The disease is a fungal disease caused by an excess of microorganisms.

Caries is a gradual destruction of tooth enamel and then, in the absence of treatment, tooth dentin.

Catarrhal gingivitis is a disease characterized by inflammation of the gums, swelling, pain and bleeding, the appearance of deposits on the teeth and a specific taste in the mouth.

A dental cyst is a pathological cavity with dense walls of epithelial cells, filled with fluid. A dental cyst is located in the root socket and affects the tissues of the tooth and gums.

A salivary gland cyst is a pathological cavity, the walls of which are represented by connective tissue and lined with endothelium inside; it contains serous fluid (during a catarrhal process).

A jaw cyst is a cavity formation consisting of a capsule and the fluid that fills it. It can be located on both the lower and upper jaw, and can be of different sizes and shapes.

A jaw cyst is a cavity located inside the bone tissue and filled with liquid contents.

Salivary gland cysts are a pathological phenomenon that is a small round transparent formation, sometimes blue in color.

Wedge-shaped defect - a condition in which there is a violation of the remineralization of tooth enamel, not associated with the development of the carious process and manifesting itself in the form of a V-shaped defect on the outer surface of the tooth. Such a defect is located on the cervical part of the tooth, on its buccal or labial surface with the apex directed into the cavity of the tooth or dental papilla, and usually affects symmetrically located teeth (premolars, canines).

Oral leukoplakia is an inflammation of the oral mucosa, accompanied by the formation of a white coating and its keratinization.

Acute periostitis is an acute purulent lesion of the periosteum or body of the jaw.

Periodontitis is an inflammatory process that is accompanied by inflammation of the gums around the tooth.

Periodontosis is a process that involves systematic damage to the periodontal tissue.

Periodontitis is a disease associated with inflammation in the area of the ligamentous apparatus of the tooth. Periodontitis is a very severe complication of caries, which is characterized by the fact that the inflammatory process from the pulp moves to the apex of the tooth root.

Periostitis is an inflammatory process that occurs in the periosteum of the tooth. Mainly manifests itself as a result of exacerbation of periodontitis.

Periostitis of the jaw (PJ) is a pathological process accompanied by inflammation of the periosteum of the jaws.

Superficial caries (SC) is a pathological destruction, which is accompanied by a violation of the mineral composition of the enamel and hard tissues of the tooth (HT), the formation of a cavitary defect.

Cervical caries is a pathology in which the lesion is located near the neck of the tooth.

Pulpitis is an inflammatory process in the vascular-nerve bundle of the tooth, which is called the pulp.

Impacted tooth is a type of dental disease characterized by the inability of a tooth to erupt on its own and settle in its proper place.

Sialadenitis is an inflammatory process in the ducts of the salivary glands, which often leads to the formation of stones in these areas. This provokes the occurrence of an obstruction in the canal with further inflammation and abscess. The submandibular organs are affected first.

Sialadenosis is a lesion of the salivary glands, characterized by a change in the secretory and excretory function.

Stomatitis is a disease that manifests itself as an inflammatory lesion of the oral mucosa and the appearance of white ulcers in the mouth.

Dental trauma (dentis) – various disorders of the anatomical structure of the tooth, as well as the tissues surrounding it. They can be accompanied by changes in the position in the dentition. Traumatization of the body always accompanies a person – from minor injuries to complex polytraumas. As for this pathology, it is often a consequence of street accidents.

Tooth extraction – in dentistry it is an extreme measure, when it is no longer possible to restore it or it, injuring the nerve and causing discomfort to the cheeks and tongue, interferes with the bite. However, a real dentist must fight to the end in order to save the tooth and simply cure it if possible.

Fibrous pulpitis (FP) is a chronic inflammation of the tissues and structures that fill the pulp chamber of the crown and root canal (RC), accompanied by the proliferation of fibrous connective tissue in it.

Oral fibroma (OF) is a benign neoplasm consisting of mature connective tissue fibers, localized in the oral cavity (OC).

Perimandibular phlegmon (PF) is an acute purulent-necrotic inflammation of the maxillofacial region, affecting the subcutaneous, interfascial, suprafascial and intermuscular tissue.

Fluorosis is a chronic disease of an endemic nature, which progresses with prolonged use of water or products with a high content of fluorine compounds.

Gumboil (periostitis) is the formation of a lump on the gum in the area of the tooth root with purulent discharge.

Cheilitis (or cheilosis) is a disease that is characterized by damage to the lips in the form of their blanching, maceration with transverse cracks and a bright red border on the line where the lips close.

Chronic gingivitis (CG) is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the gums (GM), which lasts for a long time without damaging the integrity of the periodontal junctions.

Chronic periodontitis (CP) is a long-term inflammatory disease of the tissues surrounding the tooth.

Chronic periodontitis (CP) is a chronic inflammation of the connective tissue bundles (periodontium) located between cementum of the root and the dental alveolus plate.

Chronic stomatitis is an inflammation of the oral mucosa, which occurs in the form of small single or multiple wounds.

Dental erosion is a lesion of tooth enamel (and dentin in some situations).

Ulcerative gingivitis is a gum disease that is accompanied by the formation of necrotic plaque and ulcers.

Ulcerative stomatitis is a disease of the oral cavity that manifests itself as inflammation, ulceration and necrosis of the oral mucosa.