What are rheumatic diseases?

Ankle joint arthrosis is an inflammation and degeneration of cartilage, which leads to deformation and destruction of the articular joint.

Shoulder joint arthrosis (SJOA) is a rare degenerative-dystrophic disease of the shoulder joint (SJ), accompanied by damage to cartilage tissue and the development of an inflammatory reaction.

Still's disease is a dangerous pathology characterized by fever, rash, damage to human systems and organs, and multiple joint inflammations.

Horton's disease is an acute inflammatory disease characterized by inflammation of the temporal and carotid arteries. Most often occurs in elderly people.

Shulman's disease is a pathological change in connective tissues that affects the fascia (the membranes of organs and blood vessels), muscle fibers, skin and cellular tissue. Characterized by the appearance of «orange peel», swelling in the arms and legs, pain in the joints and muscles.

Hemorrhagic vasculitis is a disease in which increased bleeding of small vessels of the skin, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract develops, joints are affected due to the development of the inflammatory process.

Hydroxyapatite arthropathy is an inflammation of the joints caused by deposits of hydroxyapatite (a mineral) of calcium. Characterized by limited mobility of the limbs, pain, swelling.

Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy is a lesion of the joints and bones that occurs due to inflammation and tumors, characterized by a change in the shape of the fingers - the appearance of thickenings on the nail phalanges, bone and joint pain, reduced mobility of the limbs and a number of other deviations.

Gonococcal arthritis is an inflammatory disease of the joints that occurs against the background of the development of a venereal disease gonorrhea.

Deforming osteoarthrosis is a chronic disease of the cartilaginous joints. Premature aging of articular cartilage occurs due to a decrease in the main component of the microstructure of cartilaginous tissue - proteoglycans.

Infectious arthritis is an acute inflammation of the joints, which is a consequence of the degenerative effect of penetrating microorganisms.

Karelian fever is an acute viral disease transmitted to humans by mosquitoes. It is characterized by joint damage, a rash all over the body, fever and intoxication symptoms.

Collagenosis is an immunopathological disease that leads to destructive processes in the connective tissue, which is part of all organs and structures of the body. It is characterized by an active course and a variety of clinical manifestations.

Cryoglobulinemia is an immunopathological reaction caused by the presence of cryoglobulins in the blood serum, which precipitate at a temperature below 37 degrees. Due to the anomaly, disorders can occur in different parts of the body.

Myalgia is a pathological pain in the muscles. In addition to soreness, myalgia may also be accompanied by swelling and redness of the muscles.

Microscopic polyangiitis is a severe disease of the systemic vasculitis group, in which small vessels (capillaries, venules, arterioles) become inflamed, and necrotic areas appear in the adjacent tissues. The organs most susceptible are the lungs and kidneys.

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative-dystrophic joint disease. Osteoarthritis combines several diseases that involve articular cartilage, ligaments, synovial membrane, subchondral bone and periarticular muscles in the pathological process.

Palindromic rheumatism is a chronic disease characterized by the periodic appearance of pain in one or more joints due to migratory arthritis, while the general well-being of a person does not deteriorate.

Pigmented villonodular synovitis is a chronic disease that is extremely rare and is characterized by the proliferation of the synovial articular membrane with the accompanying formation of villous or nodular growths and joint mice.

Scapulohumeral periarthritis is a chronic joint disease in which periarticular soft tissues, ligaments and tendons become inflamed.

Gout is a disease of heterogeneous origin, characterized by an increased content of uric acid in the blood.

Polyarthritis is a process of inflammation of several joints simultaneously or sequentially. It is a chronic disease.

Polymyositis is a pathology of connective tissue, transverse smooth and smooth muscles, skin of a progressive inflammatory type, which may be accompanied by impaired motor functions and degenerative changes.

Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic disease with progressive damage to the peripheral joints, which develops against the background of psoriasis and in some cases is a signal for the manifestation of skin psoriasis (in 15% of patients this occurs before skin damage).

Reactive arthritis or arthropathy is a group of diseases of the musculoskeletal system, characterized by aseptic inflammation of the joints, which occurs simultaneously with or immediately after an infectious disease. The cause of the disease is the penetration of pathogenic microorganisms through the nasopharynx, urogenital or gastrointestinal tract. Reactive arthritis is characterized by asymmetric damage to the joints and ligament-tendon apparatus.

Rheumatic polymyalgia is an acute chronic inflammatory process in all muscle groups. It occurs in elderly people.

Rheumatic diseases of periarticular soft tissues (extra-articular rheumatism) are a group of diseases that affect areas located near joint joints: tendons, fascia, subcutaneous tissue, synovial bags, tendon sheaths, ligaments, aponeuroses, entheses.

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the joints, as well as pathological lesions of internal organs. Autoimmune course of the disease implies an attack by the immune system on its own cells, which for some reason it begins to accept as foreign. Antibodies produced by the immune system primarily attack the tissues of the joints, causing a chronic inflammatory process in them. As the disease progresses, the joints can completely lose their functionality.

Seronegative spondyloarthritis is a group of diseases with the formation of an inflammatory process, characterized by damage to the spine and joint connections. The development of pathology is manifested in joint syndrome, skin changes, inflammation in the intestines, disorders in the eye elements, heart and kidneys.

Reiter's syndrome is a pathology that belongs to the group of non-purulent reactive arthritis and affects several areas of the body at once: joints (mono- or polyarthritis), genitourinary tract (urethritis and prostatitis), organs of vision (conjunctivitis). The lesion can develop either gradually or simultaneously.

Felty's syndrome is a complication of rheumatoid arthritis, characterized by the formation of pigment spots on the skin, a reduced content of white blood cells in the blood (leukopenia), an increase in the size of the spleen (splenomegaly) and symptoms of polyarthritis. It occurs quite rarely and greatly reduces the body's immune defenses.

Sharp's syndrome (mixed connective tissue disease) is an autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system attacks itself. As a rule, women suffer from this disease.

Systemic scleroderma is a disease of the scleroderma group, which is based on inflammatory lesions of small blood vessels throughout the body. Characterized by fibrous-sclerotic lesions of the musculoskeletal system, skin and internal organs.

Connective tissue dysplasia is a group of diseases characterized by disturbances in the normal formation of connective tissue during embryonic development or after birth.

Spondylitis is a whole group of chronic diseases affecting the human spine. Spondylitis is inflammatory in nature and is a complication of some severe infectious diseases.

Nodular periarteritis is an inflammatory lesion of the arterial wall of blood vessels, characterized by the occurrence of microaneurysms.

Chondromatosis of the joints – a long-term progressive pathology of unknown etiology, characterized by the appearance of cartilaginous nodes inside the synovial membrane of the joint capsule.

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammation of the joints, usually appearing before the age of sixteen.