Urolithiasis: treatment. Prices, reviews, ratings
Urolithiasis treatment
The development of the disease is associated with a variety of factors:
- poor ecology;
- age-related changes;
- the presence of concomitant diseases and etc.
Until now, urology does not have an exact definition of why stones are formed. Each assumption has a place to be, but in any of them there are gaps that are unexplained by medical scientists.
The symptoms of urolithiasis are quite different. In some people, these are paroxysmal recurrent pains, while in others, they may occur in isolated cases. As a rule, urolithiasis is characterized to a greater extent by a violation of urodynamics with concomitant infectious processes in the organs of the urinary system.
With the development of pathology, the following pain sensations in the side may occur:
- constant;
- occurring from time to time;
- sharp;
- dull.
The location of the pain depends on the location of the stones. The first and most important manifestation of pathology is renal colic. It is characterized by blockage of the urinary tract, as a result of which the pressure in the kidney increases. In the kidney itself there are a large number of nerve endings, which, when the walls of the organ are stretched, send alarm signals to the brain.
If the stones are no more than 6 mm in size, they can come out on their own. However, if the diameter of the formations is larger or a person has a narrowing of the ureter, then the blockage can cause damage to the renal tissue and lead to kidney atrophy.
Urolithiasis: symptoms and treatment
In total, there are three conditional groups of factors preceding the formation of stones in the urinary system:
External. Stones in the urinary system are formed more often if the patient leads a sedentary lifestyle, which leads to a failure in the metabolism of phosphorus and calcium in the tissues. The development of stones can be provoked by deficiencies in the diet:
- large amounts of protein consumed;
- excess spicy or very salty foods;
- the presence of large amounts of calcium in water;
- insufficient amounts of vitamin B and A in the diet.
In addition, stones can form when a person works in hazardous industries or takes certain medications with a high content of ascorbic acid.
Internal. Stones can form in the presence of any kind of pathology of the urinary system. These include:
- narrowing of the ureteral canals;
- absence of the second kidney;
- abnormalities in the formation of the kidney itself;
- inflammation of the genitourinary system.
General. If a person has a number of chronic diseases, which include pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract, injuries to internal organs, the consequences of poisoning, infections or a lack of certain enzymes in the body, then the occurrence of stones in the urinary system is a completely understandable phenomenon.
According to statistics, men suffer from pathologies of this type more often, but in women this process is much more severe. They often develop formations that fill the entire renal cavity.
Treatment of urolithiasis in women and men
Diagnosis of urolithiasis is based on the following dаta:
- history (renal colic);
- impaired urine flow;
- change in urine color;
- passage of sand, stones with urine;
- ultrasound;
- x-ray;
- other instrumental analyses.
Both therapeutic and surgical methods are used in the treatment of urolithiasis. The treatment option is prescribed by a urologist and depends on:
- the patient's age category;
- the patient's physical condition;
- the location of the stone;
- the size and number of formations;
- anomalies in the physiological structure of organs;
- renal failure and other factors.
If stone removal is required, surgery is performed.
Urolithiasis: treatment, drugs
To begin with, the doctor will definitely advise the patient to adhere to a certain diet during treatment and in the future, in which it is advisable to reduce the consumption of the following products:
- strong tea and coffee;
- milk (especially high-fat), cottage cheese, cheese;
- chocolate and confectionery;
- citrus fruits, strawberries, currants;
- legumes, lettuce, sorrel.
It is advisable to eat a varied diet and not overeat, filter water before drinking. The amount of urine per day should be at least 2.5 liters.
During the therapeutic treatment of urolithiasis, the doctor will prescribe a number of herbal medicines to the patient. They will help to speed up the removal of sand and stone fragments as much as possible. Many drugs promote the formation of blocking substances in the urine, preventing the re-formation of stones.
If stones are found in the kidneys, then drugs from the terpene category will be prescribed to remove them as quickly as possible. Renal colic is prevented by antispasmodics in combination with a heating pad or hot baths. To relieve pain, anesthetics will be prescribed.
If the stone cannot pass on its own and conservative therapy methods have not helped, surgery is prescribed. The doctor chooses the intervention method depending on the complexity of the disease and other ailments.
Open method. Until recently, it was practically the only one. However, very often with such surgical intervention there is a possibility of complete removal of the kidney. Recommendations for using such a technique may be too large stones, progressive renal failure, purulent pyelonephritis.
X-ray. The method involves the use of a cytoscope. Small stones are removed whole, large ones are crushed and removed in fragments. Contraindications - prostate adenoma, infections of the genitourinary system, pathologies of the musculoskeletal system.
Lithotripsy. Involves crushing stones using hydraulic waves. Not recommended during pregnancy, blood clotting pathologies, pyelonephritis, patient weight over 120 kg. After crushing, sand and pieces of stones leave with the urine stream.
Only stones formed from uric acid can be dissolved. They are dissolved with citrate mixtures. With any prescribed treatment, the possibility of new formations is too high, so the doctor must prescribe preventive measures.
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