How allergic gastritis develops
Three groups of changes have been systematized through gastroscopic examinations:
- mucosal edema;
- hemorrhages (bleeding);
- erosions (erosion of the walls).
Causes
The etiology has not been fully studied, the immunological mechanisms do not cope properly. The tendency to allergies is genetically transmitted
Three groups of changes have been systematized through gastroscopic examinations:
- mucosal edema;
- hemorrhages (bleeding);
- erosions (erosion of the walls).
Causes
The etiology has not been fully studied, the immunological mechanisms do not cope properly. The tendency to allergic reactions is genetically transmitted. The main factors are the entry and action of allergens on the gastric mucosa:
- food (milk, eggs, peanuts, tomatoes, chocolate, citrus fruits, strawberries, etc.);
- medicinal (penicillin);
- helminthic (ascaris antigens).
Allergies can be caused not by the products themselves, but by food additives: emulsifiers, dyes, preservatives.
Symptoms
Clinically, the disease is rapid and multifaceted in its manifestations.
Early signs: itching of the lips, swelling of the mouth, larynx, tongue.
General disorders: pale skin, rapid heartbeat, dizziness, weakness, tinnitus, increasing headache, migraine. Colicky pain in the epigastric region, nausea, belching, severe vomiting (gushing) are added. Over time - itching of the skin and a small rash, which is called urticaria.
The danger lies in the development of critical conditions - Quincke's edema, collapse, bronchial asthma, anaphylactic shock.
Diagnostics
The diagnosis is confirmed by carefully collecting anamnesis. Blood tests show an increased number of eosinophils and leukocytes, which indicates an allergic reaction. Fibrogastroscopy is performed, during which bright red mucous membrane and edema are noticeable. The allergen is detected by provocative tests (antigens in small quantities). A general practitioner or gastroenterologist studies the family history, since the disease is often hereditary.
Treatment
The first and most important thing in therapy is to identify and eliminate the allergen from the diet. A consultation with a nutritionist is necessary. At the time of the manifestation of symptoms of the digestive system, symptomatic treatment: gastric lavage, enema, adsorbents (activated carbon), antihistamines (loratadine, ketotifen), enzymes (mezim, pancreatin). Prescribe drugs that affect the motility of the gastrointestinal tract, for example, motilium. The allergy may disappear after some time (according to statistics, after 2 years). The product should be introduced into the diet with caution.
Prevention
The basis of prevention is diet. It is recommended to keep a food diary in order to identify the allergen. Fresh food is more useful than preservatives. If you have a new reaction to any food ingredient, consult an allergist. Those who suffer from severe forms of this disease should carry a dose of adrenaline in case of anaphylactic shock. Tobacco smoke increases the likelihood of allergies.
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