Bradylalia - Causes and Signs of Bradylalia

The disease manifests itself in varying degrees: mild and moderate, as a rule, are not noticeable and do not cause discomfort. In severe cases, the defect is clearly noticeable and is accompanied by a violation of communication functions, which leads to psychological experiences.

Causes

The underlying causes are classified as biological and psychological. The disease can also be transmitted genetically. In other cases, the pathology occurs against the background of perinotal damage to the central nervous system, general asthenia, past poisoning, etc.

Bradylalia develops against the background of neurological abnormalities and certain mental dysfunctions, for example, oligophrenia. In such cases, the symptoms appear together with the underlying disease and are accompanied by inhibition of movements, general slowness. The psychological factor is based on improper education of the development of pronunciation in a child and imitation of the slow style of speech of others.

This deviation is typical for people with a phlegmatic and melancholic temperament and occurs as an independent phenomenon. Scientists have proven that the pathogenesis is associated with a disorder of neurodynamics, the dominance of inhibition processes over excitation mechanisms.

Symptoms

The disease is accompanied by speech and non-speech signs. The verbal clinical picture is expressed by a slow pace of both external and internal dialogue, inhibition of writing and reading processes. When pronouncing, there are frequent pauses between words and sounds, stretching of vowel sounds and a scanned presentation.

The patient's voice becomes monotonous, becomes unclear, sometimes a nasal tint is noted during phonation. Interpretation of sounds and syllables is not impaired, words are reproduced at a very slow pace, but correctly. Slowness is also revealed when reading and writing information.

Patients with this diagnosis withdraw into themselves and try not to talk.

Non-speech symptoms are characterized by impaired motor skills and facial expressions. Inhibition, absent-mindedness, insufficient coordination of movements, facial expressions are observed. Mental processes also slow down: thinking, memory, attention, perception. It is difficult for patients to switch from one area of life to another.

Diagnostics

Patients with speech disorders need to be examined by specialists: a neurologist, speech therapist, psychologist, psychiatrist, who carry out the necessary research. First of all, the anamnesis is studied regarding past illnesses and brain injuries, a genetic predisposition is found out. To clarify the organic basis, instrumental studies are carried out: EEG, REG, MRI and PET of the diencephalon, lumbar puncture and others.

Diagnostics of oral pronunciation consists of analyzing the structure of the articulation organs and the state of speech motor skills, expressive rhetoric. Checking written presentation involves completing tasks for copying and independent writing under dictation, reading information. It is also necessary to study the state of motor activity, sensory functions, intellectual development.

Treatment

Therapy should be aimed at normalizing the activity of the nervous system. Therapeutic measures in the complex include courses of pharmacotherapy, therapeutic physical training, massage, balneotherapy, physiotherapy. To stimulate verbal activity, psychotherapy and autogenic classes are carried out.

The correctional and pedagogical method is used to stimulate quick and clear reactions and the formation of the prosodic side of speech. In speech therapy lessons, the specialist uses an accelerated pace of conversation, which is regulated by conducting and clapping, the complexity of tasks is carried out gradually.

Speech therapy massage, logometric training, active games, manual activities, playing musical instruments, dancing and singing are used to stimulate motor skills. The desired effect can be achieved with regular lessons for 6-12 months.

Prevention

Preventive measures are reduced to timely treatment and prevention of hereditary pathologies, neuropsychiatric disorders, neoplasms, physical damage to the head and brain. It is necessary to cultivate correct pronunciation in the child and give the right examples to follow.