Varicose Veins - Causes and Signs of Varicose Veins
There are two types of the disease: primary and secondary.
In the primary type, the lower limbs are affected. If there is no proper therapy, trophic ulcers are formed.
Secondary occurs as a result of thrombosis or other vascular pathology. It is also called post-thrombotic disease.
In addition, there is such a varie
There are two types of the disease: primary and secondary.
In the primary type, the lower limbs are affected. If there is no proper therapy, trophic ulcers are formed.
Secondary occurs as a result of thrombosis or other vascular pathology. It is also called post-thrombotic disease.
In addition, there is such a variety as reticular varicose veins. With this disease, the capillaries on the lateral surface of the ankles increase. Sometimes this is a sign of chronic insufficiency.
Causes
The disease appears due to the weakness of the valve system and venous walls. Normally, blood circulates through the veins in one direction. If the functioning of the valves is impaired, then the blood stagnates and the pressure rises. Because of this, the veins become weak, large and lose their shape.
The following causes of malaise can be identified:
- Hereditary factor.
- Pregnancy and childbirth.
- Work that involves lifting weights, heavy physical labor.
- Long periods of standing.
- Abusing high-heeled shoes.
- Taking hormonal drugs.
Women suffer from varicose veins 3-4 times more often than men.
Symptoms
The first sign of malaise is “spider veins”, a noticeable dilation of large capillaries or a pattern of small vessels on the skin. Then physical discomfort in the lower extremities develops, the skin color changes, and in the later stages of the disease, trophic ulcers form.
Depending on the clinical course, the following stages are distinguished:
- cosmetic defects that appear on the legs in the form of a pattern;
- manifestations such as heaviness and pain, swelling, and fatigue are added to the pattern;
- then there is a violation of the sensitivity of the legs, their numbness, and cramps in the calf muscles.
- trophic ulcers occur, thrombophlebitis begins.
Diagnostics
When a patient initially visits the hospital, a phlebologist evaluates the patient's complaints, the presence of external signs of the disease, as well as functional disorders, and determines the need for further research.
The main methods of instrumental diagnostics for varicose veins - ultrasound Dopplerography, as well as duplex angioscanning using ultrasound. Ultrasound techniques can be performed on an outpatient basis, they are completely safe.
Treatment
The main methods of therapy are sclerotherapy, elastic compression, drug intervention, laser surgery and surgery. The method of therapy is determined by a phlebologist. An individual treatment regimen is selected for each patient, which can often combine several treatment methods.
Varicose veins can be treated using three methods: performing surgery on varicose capillaries, using sclerotherapy, and drug therapy.
Prevention
If a person has initial signs of varicose veins, then simple rules will help slow down its development. You should not get carried away with saunas, hot baths, or sun exposure. All this leads to a decrease in tone and blood stagnation in the legs. If you feel heaviness in the evening, you need to raise your limbs and hold them in this position.
Sports that involve significant static loads (tennis, bodybuilding, weightlifting) increase venous tension. Tight clothing, socks, and stockings with tight elastic bands contribute to the compression of blood vessels. If your work involves standing or sitting for a long time, you should walk in place, change position frequently, and rotate your feet. After taking a shower or bath, it is recommended to rinse your feet with cold water. Sports such as cycling, walking, skiing, and swimming are good for your health.
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