Collagenosis - causes and signs of collagenosis
Collagenosis can be congenital and acquired. Congenital pathology is quite rare, such collagenoses include mucopolysaccharidosis, Marfan syndrome, etc., it is quite difficult to diagnose such diseases.
Acquired collagenoses are divided into "large" and "small", depending on the extent of damage to connective tissue. K
Collagenosis can be congenital and acquired. Congenital pathology is quite rare, such collagenoses include mucopolysaccharidosis, Marfan syndrome, etc., it is quite difficult to diagnose such diseases.
Acquired collagenoses are divided into "large" and "minor", depending on the scale of damage to the connective tissue. Large ones include dermatomyositis, lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, etc., characterized by a severe course.
"Minor" pathologies include those that are latently present and do not cause significant complications.
The most severe type is Sharp syndrome, which combines the signs of various forms of the disease.
With all the variety of variants of the disease, they all proceed according to the same principle. Under the influence of provoking mechanisms of internal or external origin, the formation of abnormal immune complexes occurs. They settle on the walls of blood vessels and serous membranes. As a result, an allergy to the tissues of the body itself occurs, which leads to increased production of antibodies to collagen fibers and vascular endothelium. As a result, the destruction of connective tissue occurs.
Causes
Scientists identify several possible causes of the disease.
- Hereditary predisposition. According to this hypothesis, disturbances in the structure of connective tissue occur even at the stage of fetal development. This theory is supported by the fact that defects are often found in people who are related.
- The influence of environmental factors in the presence of prerequisites for the development of the disease.
- Viral and infectious lesions of the body in the presence of a predisposition.
- Hormonal imbalance. This version is confirmed by the fact that the onset of the disease was often associated with pregnancy, puberty, menopause.
- Excessive psycho-emotional stress.
Since no obvious reasons for the development of acquired forms of the disease have been identified, many scientists are inclined to believe that the tendency to develop pathology is laid down at the genetic level, and external, hormonal and other factors are only provocateurs for triggering the anomaly.
Symptoms
Any of the variants of collagenosis occurs with characteristic periodically recurring exacerbations and periods of remission.
A doctor's consultation is required if the following symptoms of the acute stage of pathogenesis appear:
- fever;
- temperature rises above 38 degrees;
- chills;
- weakness;
- muscle pain;
- mild pain in the joints;
- skin rashes;
- gastrointestinal tract problems, abdominal pain;
- heart and kidney problems.
To avoid frequent exacerbations, it is necessary to protect the body from overheating in the sun, hypothermia and stress.
Diagnostics
Diagnostics are usually performed by a rheumatologist.
The main type of research for this pathology is laboratory tests:
- biochemical, enzyme immunoassay and general blood tests;
- biopsy of the skin, muscles, joint membrane;
- analysis of kidney tissue.
To clarify the diagnosis, instrumental methods are used:
- radiography - to study disorders in bones and joints;
- ultrasound, magnetic resonance and computed tomography - to determine the degree of damage to internal organs and systems.
Treatment
Since the pathology affects various organs and systems, then its treatment is carried out by doctors of different profiles: rheumatologist, cardiologist, pulmonologist, immunologist, dermatologist, etc.
For successful treatment, the patient should first of all adhere to the correct regime of physical activity and nutrition.
At the initial manifestation of symptoms, the patient is hospitalized to select an individual program.
In the acute phase of the pathology, patients are prescribed drug treatment, which includes:
- non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;
- glucocorticosteroid drugs - if urgently needed;
- cytostatic therapy - for side effects from previous drugs.
During periods of attacks, plasmapheresis, hemosorption methods and plasma filtration are also used.
Physiotherapy is indicated during the rehabilitation period: electrophoresis, phonophoresis, magnetotherapy. It is very useful for patients to visit special sanatoriums.
Prevention
Timely elimination of infection foci in the body is indicated as a preventive measure.
You can make an appointment with a doctor online at ABC-Medicine.com. Reviews of doctors are on the pages with information about them.
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