Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia - Causes and Signs of Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia
The group of deviations called oligoasthenoteratozoospermia includes:
- oligozoospermia – a decrease in the level of sperm concentration;
- taratozoospermia – a decrease in the number of sperm that have a normal structure and are capable of fertilizing an egg, below 50%;
- asthenozoospermia – a decrease in
The group of deviations called oligoasthenoteratozoospermia includes:
- oligospermia – a decrease in the level of sperm concentration;
- taratozoospermia – a decrease in the number of spermatozoa that have a normal structure and are capable of fertilizing an egg, below 50%;
- asthenozoospermia – a decrease in the number of spermatozoa with rectilinear movement below 50%.
If we consider oligoasthenoteratozoospermia as male infertility, it is classified as follows:
- secretory oligoasthenoteratozoospermia – spermatozoa are produced in insufficient quantities, and also have defects in structure and motility;
- obstructive oligoasthenoteratozoospermia - characterized by poor sperm passage through the vas deferens;
- immunological oligoasthenoteratozoospermia is the result of testicular injury, which leads to the production of antibodies to sperm;
- idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia - deterioration in sperm quality is caused by external and internal factors.
Causes
The causes of oligoasthenoteratozoospermia can be factors such as:
- abnormal development (intrauterine and after birth) of the reproductive system, for example, aplasia or hypoplasia of the testicles and appendages;
- endocrine disorders, cryptorchidism, thyroid dysfunction, adrenal glands, diabetes, kidney and liver diseases, hydrocele;
- varicose veins of the mixed cord;
- previous or untreated infectious diseases of a viral or bacterial nature, such as syphilis, mumps, tuberculosis, typhoid;
- ecology;
- professional activity;
- unhealthy lifestyle.
Symptoms
Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia is an asymptomatic pathology. Its only manifestation is the inability to conceive a child. Oligosthenoteratozoospermia is detected by chance, more often during a full examination of a married couple in the absence of children for a long time.
Diagnostics
To diagnose oligoasthenoteratozoospermia, a consultation with an embryologist is required. It is he who does a spermogram - an analysis that fully determines deviations from the norm. In addition, you need to make an appointment with an endocrinologist and urologist.
In addition to the spermogram, a man is prescribed:
- ultrasound of the testicles;
- blood test to detect infections and inflammations;
- blood test for hormones;
- smear analysis;
- MAR test.
Treatment
Treatment of oligoasthenoteratozoospermia begins with treating the causes of this pathology: infectious diseases, inflammation, correction of hormonal levels, surgical intervention for varicocele.
Drug treatment of oligoasthenoteratozoospermia involves taking medications that improve sperm quality. Such drugs include speman, tocopherol, clostilbegit. The drugs are selected by an embryologist or endocrinologist individually.
In addition, the patient must give up bad habits, visits to the bathhouse and sauna, and review their diet.
Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia is a rather serious diagnosis. Infertility treatment takes from six months to several years, taking into account strict adherence to all doctor's instructions. Otherwise, the chances of conceiving a child are 1-2%.
Prevention
Prevention of oligoasthenoteratozoospermia consists of:
- maintaining a healthy and active lifestyle;
- avoiding unprotected or casual sex;
- timely treatment of infectious diseases, inflammatory processes;
- preventive examination by a urologist once a year.
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