Karyotype Analysis. Prices, Reviews, Ratings
Karyotype Analysis – a cytogenetic test aimed at determining the characteristics of a complete set of chromosomes inherent to human cells.
Karyotype Analysis – a cytogenetic test aimed at determining the characteristics of a complete set of chromosomes inherent to human cells.
General Information
A karyotype is a kind of chromosomal passport that remains unchanged throughout a person’s life. Normally, each child is born with 46 chromosomes (23 from each parent). However, if there are deviations in the number or structure of these nucleoprotein structures, it disrupts the functioning of internal organs and bodily systems.
In medicine, the following pathological changes in the human chromosome set are identified: trisomy, monosomy, deletion, duplication, inversion, and translocation.
Karyotyping is most often used when a couple experiences difficulties conceiving a child. This method helps identify the causes of infertility.
Procedure Process
Preparation
If a decision is made to conduct this cytogenetic examination, consult a geneticist at a private or public clinic.
Before the karyotype blood test, you may have breakfast and drink water, but it’s recommended to avoid liquids like tea, juice, or coffee.
Karyotype Analysis
The first step involves collecting biological material from patients. This can be bone marrow cells, skin cells, or venous blood, from which lymphocytes in the mitotic phase are isolated (usually requiring no more than 12-15 cells). These cells are kept in a special incubator for three days, where their growth and reproduction are studied. To stimulate this process, the specialist treats the cells with a mitogen. During metaphase, cell division is artificially halted by adding colchicine.
In the final stage, the number and structure of each nucleoprotein unit are determined. Paired chromosomes are compared, and the results are matched against cytogenetic norms.
Upon completion, a report with a karyogram (a photograph and layout of the chromosome set) is issued.
This procedure can also be performed during pregnancy due to detected fetal developmental abnormalities. In this case, the pregnant woman undergoes an invasive procedure to collect part of the embryo’s surrounding membrane or a small amount of amniotic fluid. These materials contain the necessary cells to establish the child’s karyotype before birth.
Rehabilitation Period
No rehabilitation period is required after the procedure.
Indications
Mandatory indications for this test include:
- Infertility of unknown origin;
- Hereditary pathologies in one of the spouses;
- Unsuccessful attempts at in vitro fertilization;
- History of spontaneous miscarriages;
- Marriages between close relatives.
Contraindications
Karyotyping is completely safe when performed non-invasively. Otherwise (e.g., for prenatal testing), it is conducted strictly under the attending physician’s decision and is indicated for women over 35.
Invasive procedures must be performed under ultrasound guidance and in a day hospital setting.
Complications
Risks of adverse effects may occur during prenatal karyotyping of an unborn child.
Possible complications include:
- Miscarriage;
- Infection in the woman’s body;
- Amniotic fluid leakage.
Prices and Clinics
The service is provided by qualified specialists in private and public clinics. More detailed information is available on the medical portal.
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