Blood Group. Prices, Reviews, Ratings
Red blood cells contain a system of inherited traits (agglutinogens) formed during embryogenesis, remaining unchanged throughout a person’s life. The presence or absence of agglutinogens A, B, O, and antibodies-agglutinins α, β determines a person’s blood group. Each group has specific inherited traits: I – O, α, β; II – A, β; III – B, α; IV – A, B, 0. These are identified based on their ratios and specific agglutination reaction (AR).
Red blood cells contain a system of inherited traits (agglutinogens) formed during embryogenesis, remaining unchanged throughout a person’s life. The presence or absence of agglutinogens A, B, O, and antibodies-agglutinins α, β determines a person’s blood group. Each group has specific inherited traits: I – O, α, β; II – A, β; III – B, α; IV – A, B, 0. These are identified based on their ratios and specific agglutination reaction (AR).
Indications for Blood Group Determination
The test is highly practical for blood component transfusion, crucial for successful surgical operations and other therapeutic procedures.
The discovery of agglutination (clumping) revealed transfusion contraindications between certain individuals, where AR occurs with matching agglutinins and agglutinogens – A with α, and B with β.
People with group I (no agglutinogens) can donate to all groups but only receive from the same group. Group II cannot be transfused into III, nor vice versa. Group IV can only receive IV. Group I individuals are universal donors; group IV are universal recipients. This identification prevents unpredictable transfusion outcomes.
How Blood Group Determination Is Conducted
Currently, ABO system identification uses three methods:
- Standard sera (SS) – tested blood is mixed (5 minutes) with factory sera at a 1:10 ratio. No clumping indicates group I; agglutination with SS I and III indicates II; with II and I, III; with three of four tests, IV.
- Cross-method with standard erythrocytes and SS – alongside the above, duplication is performed by mixing patient serum with factory erythrocyte samples.
- Using tsoliklons (agglutinin-containing solutions) – anti-A and anti-B erythrocytes are applied to plates or special dishes, mixed with patient samples, and interpreted via a table of negative (no clumping) and positive results.
In unclear or doubtful cases, retesting with higher-activity samples or combined methods is required.
Turnaround Time for Blood Group Determination
Time includes venous or capillary sample collection and preparation. Traditional lab methods require testing 5 minutes post-reagent mixing, allowing results within 10-30 minutes if no doubts arise.
Prices and Clinics
To find a certified diagnostic center, visit the medical portal. Check clinic hours, read patient reviews, and book appointments by phone or online.
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