Skin plastic surgery. Prices, reviews, ratings
General information
Skin transplant operations are a radical method of treating deep burns, scalp wounds, scars, other pathologies and deformations.
Skin transplants are used for tissue that can be taken from the patient himself (autoskin). It is much easier to take tissue from a donor (allograft), an animal.
Healthy tissue for transplantation is excised from different parts of the body: abdomen, inner thigh, shoulder, lateral surfaces of the sternum.
Transplantation can be primary or secondary:
- Primary is used for fresh wounds (post-traumatic, postoperative), which are accompanied by profuse blood loss. This method is combined with other types of plastic surgery.
- Secondary is practiced for pathologies that are the result of excision of granulating wounds. Most often used for the face, neck, head.
The material for transplantation is classified by thickness:
- Up to 0.3 mm (thin) is a combination of the epidermal and germ layers. There are very few elastic fibers in it. After scarring, it tends to wrinkle.
- 0.3-0.7 mm (split) consists of a reticular layer, rich in elastic fibers.
- More than 0.8 mm (thick) consists of all layers of the skin.
The process of the procedure
Preparation
All manipulations are performed under general anesthesia, so the patient must undergo standard preoperative preparation: take tests, undergo a number of diagnostic procedures. Immediately before the manipulation, the intestines should be cleaned, and food and water should be avoided.
Skin grafting
Cellophane is applied to the body surface to determine the size, shape, and boundaries of the wound surface. This allows the boundaries to be outlined and transferred to the donor area. Incisions in the epidermis are made along the lines transferred from the pattern. The flap cut with a scalpel is covered with dermatome glue and transferred to a special drum. When it is scrolled, a part of the epidermis of the required thickness is removed. The finished transplant is placed on a gauze napkin and transferred to the installation site. The edges of the wound and the skin flap are connected with nylon threads.
The donor surface is treated, bleeding is stopped, covered with a bandage with streptocide or synthomycin emulsion, and sutured. In some cases, the donor surface is fixed with splints or a plaster cast.
During the process, the transplant is placed in a folded form, since stretching it can lead to damage to the fibrin fibers.
Rehabilitation period
The rehabilitation period is divided into three stages:
- adaptation - the first 2 days;
- regeneration - from 3 days to 3 months;
- stabilization - more than 3 months after surgery.
At this time, the specialist recommends dressings, taking medications to reduce pain and speed up healing.
Indications
Replacement epidermis is performed for extensive or deep granulating non-healing or fresh wounds after injuries, surgeries, burns, as well as for the correction of scars, trophic ulcers, bedsores and other pathologies.
Contraindications
The technique is not used in case of infection or inflammation of the wound undergoing correction, in case of mental disorders and deterioration of the general condition of the patient (viral diseases, exhaustion, etc.).
Complications
The following complications may be observed after the manipulation:
- bleeding at the suture sites;
- infection;
- poor or slow healing;
- restriction of movement (in cases of tissue transplantation to the limbs);
- lack of hair growth on the transplanted strip; decreased sensitivity;
- rejection.
Prices and clinics
The service is provided by a qualified traumatologist-orthopedist in specialized clinics. You can find out more detailed information on the medical portal.
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