Checklist for a general practitioner - periodic medical examination, prevention

Prevention is the basis of effective healthcare, allowing for the successful combination of sanitary and preventive, therapeutic and social measures. Early detection of diseases also ensures early treatment to alleviate the condition of patients and reduce mortality.

First stage (screening)

It is carried out to identify signs of chronic non-communicable diseases, risk factors for their development. Includes the following studies:

1. survey;
2. anthropometry (measuring standing height, body weight, waist circumference), calculating body mass index;
3. measuring blood pressure;
4. determining the level of total cholesterol in the blood;
5. determining the level of glucose in the blood;
6. determining the total cardiovascular risk up to 65 years;
7. resting electrocardiography:
   • for men from 35 years;
   • for women from 45 years and older;
   • for men up to 35 years and women up to 45 years - during the initial medical examination.
8. taking a smear from the cervix for cytological examination - for women;
9. fluorography of the lungs;
10. mammography - for women aged 39 and older;
11. detailed clinical blood test - aged 39 and older, once every 6 years instead of a clinical blood test;
12. general therapeutic biochemical blood test: in the amount of not less than determination of the level of total protein, albumin, fibrinogen, creatinine, total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransaminase, alanine aminotransaminase, glucose, cholesterol, sodium, potassium - aged 39 and older, once every 6 months;
13. general urine analysis;
14. stool test for occult blood - aged 45 and older;
15. determination of the level of prostate-specific antigen in the blood - for men aged 50 and older;
16. ultrasound examination of organs abdominal cavity - from 39 years of age and older, once every 6 years;
17. measurement of intraocular pressure from 39 years of age and older;
18. preventive appointment (examination, consultation) with a neurologist from 51 years of age and older, once every 6 years;
19. appointment (examination) with a general practitioner, including determination of the health status group, dispensary observation group (taking into account the conclusion of the neurologist), conducting a brief preventive consultation.

Second stage

Focused on additional in-depth examinations to clarify the preliminary diagnosis, and also involves consultations with specialized specialists. Includes the following studies:

1. 1. Duplex scanning of the brachiocephalic arteries as prescribed by a neurologist, as well as for men aged 45 and older and women aged 55 and older - in the presence of a combination of three risk factors for the development of chronic non-communicable diseases:
      • high blood pressure;
      • dyslipidemia;
      • overweight or obesity.
   2. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy - at the age of over 50 years, if the results of the questionnaire reveal complaints indicating a possible oncological disease of the upper gastrointestinal tract or a burdened heredity for oncological diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
   3. Examination (consultation) a neurologist - if a previously suffered acute cerebrovascular accident is indicated or suspected based on the results of a questionnaire in citizens who are not under dispensary observation for this reason, as well as for citizens who have not been examined by a neurologist at the first stage of medical examination.
   4. Examination (consultation) by a surgeon or urologist for men over 50 years of age if an increase in the level of prostate-specific antigen in the blood is detected for the first time and (or) complaints indicating possible diseases of the prostate gland are detected based on the results of a questionnaire.
   5. Examination (consultation) by a surgeon or proctologist - from 45 years of age and older with a positive stool test.
   6. Colonoscopy or rectoscopy - from 45 years of age and older as prescribed by a surgeon or proctologist.
   7. Determination of the lipid spectrum blood (total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides) - for citizens with a detected increase in the level of total cholesterol in the blood.
   8. Examination (consultation) of an obstetrician-gynecologist - for women with detected pathological changes based on the results of a cytological examination and (or) mammography.
   9. Determination of the concentration of glycated hemoglobin in the blood or a glucose tolerance test (for citizens with a detected increase in blood glucose levels).
   10. Examination (consultation) of an ophthalmologist - from 39 years of age and older, with increased intraocular pressure.
   11. Appointment (examination) of a general practitioner, including determination of a health status group, a dispensary observation group, as well as referral of citizens, if there are medical indications, for individual in-depth preventive counseling or group preventive counseling to receive specialized, including high-tech medical care, for spa treatment.
   12. Individual in-depth preventive counseling or group preventive counseling in the department (office) of medical prevention or health center - for citizens with identified risk factors for the development of chronic non-communicable diseases, as directed by a general practitioner.

What indicators signal problems in the body?

• High blood pressure: 140/90 mm Hg. and more.
• High total cholesterol in the blood: more than 5 mmol/l.
• Hyperglycemia (high glucose): fasting more than 6.1 mmol/l.
• Overweight: body mass index 25 29.9 kg/m2, obesity - body mass index more than 30 kg/m2.

To calculate the body mass index, divide your weight by your height in meters squared.

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Modern medicine has reached a level where it successfully fights many diseases. We must always remember that it is easier to prevent than to cure, and many diseases detected at early stages are curable. And prevention helps to be healthy, cheerful and full of energy.