Setting the sound r in children. Various methods and techniques

So, the child is asked to raise the widely spaced tongue above the upper teeth from the inside and continuously produce a sound similar to "zzh" (something in between the specified sounds should be heard: "z" turning into "zh" or vice versa) or in another way: the position of the tongue on the alveoli, while it is necessary to pronounce the sound "d" repeatedly (since the tongue is not at the teeth, the sound "d" is not clear).

It is important to ensure that the tongue remains wide and is under strong tension. During the production of sounds by the child, his or his own straight index finger (washed clean, with a completely cut nail, to avoid scratching the tongue), wrapped in a handkerchief, placed under the tip of the tongue, it is necessary to make frequent oscillatory movements from side to side, due to which you can hear a rumbling sound. (You can replace the finger with a pacifier, stuffing it tightly with cotton wool, or remove the bristles from a toothbrush with rounded corners, make a plastic spatula). When such a hand position becomes habitual for the child, and the tongue stops slipping off the finger (pacifier, spatula), the baby will be able to cause the tongue to vibrate without anyone's help.

If the tongue is not wide and tense, the supporting finger (or auxiliary object) will lead it after and the trembling will not occur. In this case, a sound close to "dl" will be produced. Speech therapists suggest comparing the baby's tongue with a steadfast tin soldier or a string. If the string is in a taut position, then, by running along it, it trembles and the string begins to make a sound, but in a weakened state of the string, we will not hear the desired sound. This exercise is very interesting for children, and they do it with pleasure.

Once the vibrating movements of the tip of the tongue are achieved by mechanical assistance, their duration is extended and they slowly move on to the fact that the baby first achieves tongue vibration with a finger or spatula, and then independently.

Sometimes it is enough for the child to bring a finger to his mouth for self-soothing, without touching the tongue, and when the tip of his tongue begins to vibrate independently, there is no need for such an additional action. If independent vibration of the tip of the tongue is not developed for a fairly long period, they begin to automate the sound "r" in syllables and words, achieving its roll with mechanical assistance.

You can achieve vibration of the tip of the tongue in this way: you need to offer the child, with his mouth open, to suck his tongue to the palate, and blow on it without letting go. At the moment the tongue is separated from the palate, a sharp push of the exhaled air flow causes a short-term vibration of the tip of the tongue. This exercise records the sensation of the tongue tip vibrating in the child, which will enable him to produce this sound independently in the future.

The second method of this exercise (with mechanical assistance). The child needs to raise the tongue to the palate, stretching the "frenulum" as much as possible. After this, the lateral edges of the tongue should be pressed tightly to the palate with the thumb and index finger. The middle area of the tongue and the "frenulum" should not be pressed. Next, you need to take a deep breath and blow out air with force, turning on the voice. The tongue increases in size, and the sound combination "tzh" is pronounced (some children immediately make the sound combination "tr" or "dr"). During the exercise, the teeth are open at a distance of 7-10 cm. It is necessary to repeat the actions many times, each time increasing the air pressure. The sound combination "tzh" will eventually transform into "tr" or "dr". Be sure to watch that the tip of the child's tongue vibrates and touches the palate, and the edges of the tongue - to the lateral edges of the upper row of teeth. Under the influence of a strong stream of air, a short "tr-tr" ("dr - dr") sounds involuntarily.

Some inaccuracies may occur: the fingers grasp the "bridle", and when blowing out air, vibration does not occur; the air does not flow along the tongue, but into the nose, so the tongue does not "swell" and does not "pop"; a weak stream of exhaled air; instead of the sound combination "tr" ("dr") we hear "tl", indicates that the tongue itself is working voluntarily (it should vibrate under the pressure of a strong stream of air), while it should carefully adhere to the palate and be motionless; do not try to achieve the sound "r" in the child by imitating you. When the sound is pronounced correctly, the vibration occurs at the tip of the tongue, and when it is pronounced incorrectly, either the “tongue” or the root of the tongue vibrates quite often.

After the pronunciation of the short “tr” (“dr”) is completely clear to the child and has become ingrained in his memory, you should move on to training the rolling long “tr” (“dr”) - first with the help of fingers, and then without it.

Any of the above stages does not require haste. Luck may smile on the child the first time, and he will pronounce a rolling “r”, but the process may drag on for several months. The main thing is that the child should do the described exercises constantly, and best of all, daily. Using one of the methods in producing the sound “r”, do not rush to abandon it and switch to another. Still, this work requires a little patience.